Pediatric Board Review Multiple Choice Questions & Answers Vol. 3

Q21. The GFR in a normal full-term infant reaches an adult value by:

1. 1-2 months of age
2. 3-5 months of age
3. 6-9 months of age
4. 9-12 months of age
5. 12-24 months of age

Q22. Pulmonary hypoplasia in newborns is most likely due to all of the following conditions except:

1. Potter syndrome
2. Oligohydramnios
3. Diaphragmatic hernia
4. Spinal cord lesions
5. Pneumothorax

Q23. The preferred therapy for patients with chronic cholestasis without biliary obstruction is:

1. Kasai operation
2. Phenytoin
3. Discontinue fatty foods
4. Ursodeoxycholic acid
5. Gentamicin

Q24. A complication of using a hydrogen pump inhibitor (e.g., omeprazole, lansoprazole) is:

1. Acquired pyloric stenosis
2. Diarrhea
3. Vomiting
4. Gastroesophageal narrowing
5. Bacterial overgrowth

Q25. The usual site of obstruction in infants with an upper airway obstruction is:

1. Larynx
2. Trachea
3. Nasopharynx
4. Oropharynx
5. Enlarged tongue

Q26. Tonsillectomy is indicated in all of the following conditions except:

1. A patient who experienced six tonsillar infections that were treated with antibiotics in the preceding year.
2. A patient who experienced five tonsillar infections that were treated with antibiotics in each of the preceding two years.
3. A patient who experienced three tonsillar infections that were treated with antibiotics in each of the preceding three years.
4. A patient who experienced four tonsillar infections that were treated with antibiotics in each of the preceding three years.
5. A patient who experienced seven tonsillar infections that were treated with antibiotics in the preceding year.

Q27. The most common organism in patients with empyema (purulent pleurisy) is:

1. Staphylococcus aureus
2. Group A Streptococcus
3. Tuberculosis
4. E. coli
5. Streptococcus pneumoniae

Q28. The most common organism in patients with post-traumatic empyema is:

1. S. pneumoniae
2. S. aureus
3. E. coli
4. Pseudomonas
5. S. epidermidis

Q29. The most common cause of gross hematuria is:

1. Urinary tract infections
2. Meatal stenosis
3. Trauma
4. IgA nephropathy
5. Glomerulonephritis

Q30. The most common cause of chronic glomerular disease is:

1. IgA nephropathy
2. SLE
3. Glomerulonephritis
4. Henoch-Schonlein purpura
5. Reiter syndrome

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